Exploring the Variation in Drug Selling Among Adolescents in the United States
Jeffrey J. Shook, Michael G. Vaughn, Christopher P. Salas-Wright
This study explores the variation in adolescent drug sellers
Three groups were found: Dabblers, delinquents, and externalizers
Different factors are associated with each adolescents drug selling group
Interventions need to focus on these factors in seeking to disrupt drug dealing behavior
The relationship between injustice and crime: A general strain theory approach
Heather L. Scheuerman
Various types of injustice differentially predict the intention to engage in crime.
Two forms of injustice are sufficient to promote criminal coping.
The relationship between injustice and crime is mediated by situational anger.
Intending to use violence is associated with procedural and distributive injustice.
Excessive drinking is influenced by interactional and distributive injustice.
Reconciling questions about dichotomizing variables in criminal justice research
Anne-Marie R. Iselin, Marcello Gallucci, Jamie DeCoster
We address unresolved questions about dichotomization in criminal justice research.
Using continuous variables is a better alternative to dichotomization.
This is true with non-normal distributions and when testing non-linear relations.
It is also true when probing interaction effects and theorizing about subgroups.
Similarities and differences between perceptions of peer delinquency, peer self-reported delinquency, and respondent delinquency: An analysis of friendship dyads
Ryan C. Meldrum, John H. Boman IV
Peer self-reported delinquency doesn’t reflect respondent reports of peer delinquency.
Perceptions of peer delinquency largely reflect respondent self-reported delinquency.
Peer self-reported delinquency is distinct from respondent self-reported delinquency.
In and out of prison: Do importation factors predict all forms of misconduct or just the more serious ones?
Glenn D. Walters, Gregory Crawford
Examined 6 importation factors as predictors of prison and community misconduct.
Importation variables predicted high/high-moderate severity infractions and crimes.
Importation variables did not predict moderate severity infractions and crimes.
Importation model as relevant to community adjustment as to prison adjustment.
Importation part of a more general theoretical construct of criminal propensity.
Prison O Glorious Prison
Matt DeLisi
Do drug courts reduce the use of incarceration?: A meta-analysis
Eric L. Sevigny, Brian K. Fuleihan, Frank V. Ferdik
We present a meta-analysis examining the effects of drug courts on incarceration.
Meta-regression is used to examine the influence of key drug court moderators.
Drug courts reduce the incidence of subsequent incarceration.
Drug courts do not reduce the aggregate amount of time that offenders spend behind bars.
Gender as social threat: A study of offender sex, situational factors, gender dynamics and social control
Stephanie Bontrager Ryon
The study examines the relationship between gender and adjudication withheld.
Adjudication withheld allows offender to escape the label 'convicted felon'.
Women are more likely to receive adjudication withheld than men.
Women convicted of 'atypical' crimes are most likely to get adjudication withheld.
Changing gender dynamics do not weaken the effect of gender on the outcome.
Rational choice beyond the classroom: Decision making in offenders versus college students
Jeffrey A. Bouffard, M. Lyn Exum
Tests of rational choice theory often utilize undergraduate student samples.
This reliance on student samples raises questions regarding external validity.
A rational choice survey was given to undergraduates and incarcerated offenders.
The groups’ perceived consequences of crime and decisional processes were similar.
Students appear to provide valid insight into the decisions of known criminals.
Preventing Crime is Hard Work: Early Intervention, Developmental Criminology, and the Enduring Legacy of James Q. Wilson
Brandon C. Welsh, David P. Farrington
Dark Knights Rising: The Aurora Theater and Newtown School Massacres and Shareholder Wealth
Benjamin W. Cross, Stephen W. Pruitt
Both Aurora theater and competitors show strongly negative changes in stock prices
Major non-US theater companies showed no reaction to the Aurora shooting
Smith and Wesson (maker of the Aurora weapon) showed no reaction to the shooting
Ruger showed gains in share prices at the time of the Aurora massacre
Smith & Wesson and Ruger both fell dramatically at the time of the Newtown shooting
How well do dynamic needs predict recidivism? Implications for risk assessment and risk reduction
Michael S. Caudy, Joseph M. Durso, Faye S. Taxman
Static risk is a robust predictor of recidivism across the two study samples.
Antisocial peers, education/employment, antisocial attitudes, and substance abuse significantly correlated with recidivism.
Risk prediction is better served by static risk factors.
Informing risk reduction requires assessment of dynamic needs.
Clearly defining risk/need assessment goals is essential in criminal justice practice.
A national population based examination of the association between age-versatility trajectories and recidivism rates
Shachar Yonai, Stephen Z. Levine, Joseph Glicksohn
Tests competing theories of juvenile offending on subsequent recidivism.
Examine the age-versatility curve pre-first-conviction and recidivism association.
Trajectory modeling identified specialization and versatility groups.
Cox models show that pre-conviction high-stable-versatility increased recidivism.
Results were generally consistent with the taxonomic theory of crime.
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