Matt DeLisi
Judicial scrutiny of gender-based employment practices in the criminal justice system
Claire Angelique R.I. Nolasco, Michael S. Vaughn
Research Highlights: This study examines sex discrimination claims against criminal justice agencies. Employment practices are tested using two theories: disparate impact and disparate treatment. Each theory uses distinct burden shifting procedures and applies different employment practices. Policy implications are described for criminal justice agencies to ensure their legality.
Moving beyond the socialization hypothesis: The effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the development of self-control
Michael G. Turner, Crista M. Livecchi, Kevin M. Beaver, Jeb Booth
Research Highlights: The development of self-control. Neuropsychological deficits and self-control. Self-control varies across neighborhood context and race.
Compstat in Australia: An analysis of the spatial and temporal impact
Lorraine Mazerolle, James McBroom, Sacha Rombouts
Research Highlights: Empirical evaluation of crime control impact for Australian version of COMPSTAT (OPRs). Mixed model approach assessing OPRs’ role in explaining crime variation (spatial and temporal). Major differences between 29 police districts (for assault, robbery, unlawful entry). Select few police districts driving statewide crime reductions. Police districts to be called-upon during maturation of OPRs to facilitate crime reduction.
First-time DWI offenders are at risk of recidivating regardless of sanctions imposed
Eileen M. Ahlin, Paul L. Zador, William J. Rauch, Jan M. Howard, G. Doug Duncan
Research Highlights: Deterrence among first-time DWI offenders not affected by sanction type First-time DWI offenders have high rate of recidivism First-time DWI offenders more likely to recidivate than drivers with no prior DWI
Serious assaults on prison staff: A descriptive analysis
Jon R. Sorensen, Mark D. Cunningham, Mark P. Vigen, S.O. Woods
Research Highlights: Serious assaults on prison staff are quite infrequent. Staff assaults causing life-threatening injury are extremely rare. Almost all staff assaults involved lone assailants. Black and female correctional officers were underrepresented. Younger, Black, gang member, or violence-convicted assailants were over-represented.
Violent criminals locked up: Examining the effect of incarceration on behavioral continuity
Jon Sorensen, Jaya Davis
Research Highlights: Nearly 15% of inmates were involved in a “dangerous rule violation”. Inmates convicted of robbery and assault committed more violations. Inmates convicted of homicide committed an average number of violations. Inmates convicted of sexual assault committed fewer violations. Findings provide mixed support for the behavioral continuity thesis.
Procedural justice during police-citizen encounters: The effects of process-based policing on citizen compliance and demeanor
Mengyan Dai, James Frank, Ivan Sun
Research Highlights: Procedural justice factors have limited and inconsistent effects on citizen behavior. Officers’ demeanor has significant effects on citizen disrespect. Officers’ consideration of citizen voice could significantly reduce citizen noncompliance. Citizen disrespect and citizen noncompliance do not share common antecedents.
Does victimization reduce self-control? A longitudinal analysis
Robert Agnew, Heather Scheuerman, Jessica Grosholz, Deena Isom, Lesley Watson, Sherod Thaxton
Research Highlights: The effect of victimization on self-control is examined using longitudinal data. Victimization reduces subsequent self-control in the near term. Results support general strain theory.
Examining GPS monitoring alerts triggered by sex offenders: The divergence of legislative goals and practical application in community corrections
Gaylene S. Armstrong, Beth C. Freeman
Research Highlights: GPS legislation assumes monitoring controls high risk offender movements. A high number of offender “alerts” or “triggers” result from GPS equipment limitations. Most GPS monitored sex offenders do not enter “restricted” zones when wearing monitoring equipment Offender absconding though equipment removal cannot be entirely controlled.
Can financial incentives reduce juvenile confinement levels? An evaluation of the Redeploy Illinois program
Gaylene S. Armstrong, Todd A. Armstrong, Vince J. Webb, Cassandra A. Atkin
Research Highlights: Counties in Illinois can easily acquire confinement and evaluation services at state funded facilities and as a result much needed local community based alternatives are non-existent. Legislation was adopted that mandated a reduction of juveniles set to state funded residential facilities. Financial incentives to counties were effective in alleviating over reliance on state funded juvenile residential facilities for evaluation and confinement purposes. Changes in placements were primarily attributable to a decrease in placement for evaluation purposes which kept juveniles in their home communities as a result.
Black–white differences in positive outcome expectancies for crime: A study of male federal prison inmates
Glenn D. Walters
Research Highlights: Positive outcome expectancies for crime were compared for black and white inmates. Black inmates had higher positive outcome expectancies for crime than white inmates. Outcome expectancy differences not the result of demographics or criminal thinking. Anticipation of social benefits of crime particularly salient for black inmates. Achievement motivation important in explaining black–white differences in crime.
Is teen court the best fit? Assessing the predictive validity of the Teen Court Peer Influence Scale
Kenneth S. Smith, Ashley G. Blackburn
Research Highlights: The predictive validity of the Teen Court Peer Influence Scale was tested. 404 teen court participants in Florida completed the TCPIS from 2006-2007. TCPIS scores explained significant variance among delinquency measures. The TCPIS may be useful in deciding who is best suited for teen court.Journal of Criminal Justice, March 2011: Volume 39, Issue 2
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.